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Pre ISO/TS 16949
Quality systems have been deployed in the automotive industry for many
years. The component suppliers were the first to adopt the British Standard BS 5750, which became the foundation of
the internationally recognized ISO 9000 series of Quality Management System standards. However, there was still a
general feeling that since ISO 9000 was non-automotive specific, it did not really meet all the requirements. This
led to the development of automotive sector based variants. In the USA, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler developed
QS-9000, which harmonized their supplier quality system requirements in a single document. At the same time, in
France, Germany and Italy, similar quality system requirements were developed (EAQF, VDA6.1, AVSQ respectively).
This meant that automotive suppliers and those servicing multiple vehicle manufacturers had to comply with
differing Quality System Requirements, but all with the same intent.
ISO/TS 16949:1999 (1st Edition)
With all the differing automotive quality system requirements, there grew a collective goal to harmonize all the
different requirements. As a start, the International Automotive Task Force (IATF) was established. The IATF had
representatives from almost all major European and North American vehicle manufacturers, suppliers and automotive
trade associations. In collaboration with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the group
developed and published ISO/TS 16949:1999 Quality Systems - Automotive Suppliers -- Particular requirements for the
application of ISO 9001:1994. The specification was developed with input from the four established automotive
standards: QS-9000, VDA6.1 (Germany), EAQF (France) and AVSQ (Italy).
ISO/TS 16949:2002 (2nd Edition, Year 2002 Revision)
The ISO/TS 16949:1999 version was based on ISO 9001:1994. To emphasize continuous improvement in the supplier base,
the International Automotive Task Force later revised the ISO/TS 16949:1999 requirements to align with the ISO
9001:2000 framework.
The new ISO/TS 16949:2002 Quality management systems -- Particular requirements for the application of ISO
9001:2000 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations includes ISO 9001:2000, and
successfully harmonizes the supplier quality system requirements of the automakers of US, Germany, Italy, France,
Japan, Korea and Malaysia. It details the fundamental, sector-specific quality systems requirements, which sustain
continuous improvement and emphasize defect prevention, while simultaneously reducing the magnitude of variation
and waste in the supply chain and encouraging improvement in customer satisfaction.
ISO/TS 16949:2002 focuses on an organization’s ability to realize its stated goals as well as achieve customer
satisfaction by delivering conforming parts on time to customer specification at acceptable cost. ISO/TS 16949:2002
concentrates on the effective linkages in the company's business plan, quality policy, quality objectives and
measures. The standard specifies how objectives can be achieved and deployed throughout the organization.
Some of the key additional requirements include the need for:
• Focus on involvement of top management and linking the business plan to clearly defined measurable quality
objectives.
• Focus on Human Resource management, including processes for defining competency requirements, providing training,
and verifying the effectiveness of actions taken.
• Processes to motivate employees to reach quality objectives, attain continual improvement, and create an
environment to promote innovation.
• A process to measure the extent to which personnel are aware of the relevance and importance of their activities
and how they contribute to the achievement of quality objectives.
• Focus on product and process design.
• Development of suppliers using ISO/TS 16949:2002.
• Ensuring effective control of internal and external laboratories.
• A process for the measurement of customer satisfaction by conducting effective system, process and product
audits.
• Effective analysis of data to drive continual improvement.
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